| Date | Age | Event | Bishop | Title | Current Title |
| unknown | | Died | Jorge de Ataíde † | Bishop of Viseu, Portugal |
| 27.2 | Professed | Carlo Bascapè, B. † | Priest of Clerics Regular of St. Paul | Bishop of Novara, Italy |
| Born | Johannes Brenner † | Dietenheim | Auxiliary Bishop of Passau, Germany |
| 25.9 | Ordained Priest | Sebastian Breuning † | Priest of Augsburg, Germany | Auxiliary Bishop |
| Died | Tomás de Cárdenas, O.P. † | Bishop of Verapaz, Guatemala |
| Born | Cristóbal de Aresti Martínez de Aguilar, O.S.B. † | Valladolid, Spain | Bishop of Buenos Aires, Argentina |
| Born | Jean-François de Sales † | | Bishop of Genève {Geneva}, Switzerland |
| Born | Juan García Arlés † | Orihuela | Bishop of Orihuela, Spain |
| Died | Maurice MacGibbon, O. Cist. † | Archbishop of Cashel, Ireland |
| 40.0 | Ordained Priest | St. Toribio Alfonso de Mogrovejo † | Priest | Archbishop of Lima, Peru |
| Born | Carlo Emmanuele Pio di Savoia † | Ferrara | Cardinal, Bishop of Ostia (-Velletri), Italy |
| Died | Juan Rojas † | Bishop of Agrigento (Girgenti), Italy |
| Resigned | Antonio Rodríguez de Pazos y Figueroa † | Bishop of Patti, Italy | Bishop of Córdoba, Spain |
| 55.0 | Appointed | Giacomo Savelli † | Bishop of Frascati, Italy | Cardinal, Archbishop of Porto e Santa Rufina, Italy |
| Appointed | Filippo Sega † | Cardinal, Bishop of Piacenza, Italy |
| Installed | Bartolomeu Simões Pereira † | Prelate of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Prelate Emeritus |
| Born | Marcos Teixeira de Mendonça † | Lamego | Bishop of São Salvador da Bahia, Brazil |
| Born | Antonio Valdés Herrera † | Valladolid | Bishop of Córdoba, Spain |
| 31.0 | Ordained Priest | Christoph Weilhamer † | Priest of Passau, Germany | Auxiliary Bishop |
| 13 Jan | | Appointed | Andrés Bacallar † | Bishop of Alghero, Italy | Archbishop of Sassari, Italy |
| 50.3 | Appointed | Tomás Dacio † | Bishop of Orihuela, Spain |
| Appointed | Alfonso de la Cerda, O.P. † | Bishop of Comayagua, Honduras | Bishop of Coro, Venezuela |
| 40.0 | Appointed | Diego de Romano y Govea (Vitoria) † | Bishop of Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México |
| Appointed | Francisco de Vitoria, O.P. † | Bishop of Córdoba (Tucumán), Argentina |
| 21 Jan | | Died | Francisco Soto Salazar † | Bishop of Salamanca, Spain |
| 25 Jan | | Appointed | Martinho de Ulhoa, O. Cist. † | Bishop of São Tomé e Príncipe | Bishop Emeritus |
| 29 Jan | | Confirmed | Johann Georg Zobel von Giebelstadt † | Bishop of Bamberg, Germany | Bishop-Elect |
| 2 Feb | 40.1 | Ordained Bishop | Nikolaus Elgard † | Titular Bishop of Ascalon | Auxiliary Bishop of Mainz, Germany |
| 17 Feb | | Appointed | Diego de la Calzada † | Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo, Spain |
| Appointed | Diego de la Calzada † | Titular Bishop of Salona | Auxiliary Bishop of Toledo, Spain |
| 21 Feb | 57.9 | Elevated to Cardinal | Pedro de Deza Manuel † | Cardinal, Bishop of Albano, Italy |
| Appointed | Miguel Jerónimo Morell † | Bishop of Urgell, Spain |
| 5 Mar | | Died | Pedro Mártir Coma, O.P. † | Bishop of Elne, France |
| 19 Mar | 30.4 | Ordained Priest | Gebhard Truchseß von Waldburg † | Priest of Köln {Cologne}, Germany | Archbishop-Elect Emeritus |
| 11 Apr | 81.3 | Died | Juan de San Millán † | Bishop of León, Spain |
| 27 Apr | | Appointed | Andrés Santos de Sampedro † | Archbishop of Zaragoza, Spain |
| 5 May | | Appointed | Pedro de Lafuente † | Bishop of Pamplona, Spain |
| 27 May | | Born | Juan Pereda Gudiel † | Pliego | Bishop of Oviedo, Spain |
| 2 Jun | | Appointed | Gaspar Juan de la Figuera † | Bishop of Jaca, Spain | Bishop of Lérida, Spain |
| 13 Jun | 55.3 | Appointed | Rodrigo de Castro Osorio (de Lemos) † | Bishop of Cuenca, Spain | Cardinal, Archbishop of Sevilla {Seville}, Spain |
| 65.6 | Appointed | Martín de Córdoba Mendoza, O.P. † | Bishop of Córdoba, Spain |
| 49.4 | Appointed | Diego Gómez de Lamadrid, O.SS.T. † | Archbishop (Personal Title) of Badajoz, Spain | Bishop |
| Appointed | Diego de Simancas † | Bishop of Zamora, Spain |
| Appointed | Francisco Tello Sandoval † | Bishop of Plasencia, Spain |
| 63.4 | Appointed | Fernando Tricio Arenzana † | Bishop of Salamanca, Spain |
| 45.4 | Appointed | Alonso Velázquez † | Bishop of Osma, Spain | Archbishop of Santiago de Compostela, Spain |
| 17 Jun | 67.5 | Died | Bl. Paul Burali d'Arezzo, C.R. † | Cardinal, Archbishop of Napoli {Naples}, Italy |
| 23 Jun | 78.5 | Died | Francisco Sancho Allepuz † | Bishop of Segovia, Spain |
| 28 Jun | 47.9 | Appointed | Teotónio de Bragança, S.J. † | Coadjutor Archbishop of Évora, Portugal | Archbishop |
| 30 Jun | 69.5 | Died | Gregor Virneburg † | Auxiliary Bishop of Trier, Germany |
| 5 Jul | 66.0 | Died | Cristoforo Madruzzo † | Bishop Emeritus of Trento, Italy | Cardinal, Bishop of Brixen {Bressanone}, Italy |
| 7 Jul | 43.9 | Appointed | Juan de Sanclemente Torquemada † | Bishop of Orense, Spain | Archbishop of Santiago de Compostela, Spain |
| 9 Jul | 57.8 | Appointed | Alexandre Farnese (Jr.) † | Cardinal-Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina | Cardinal, Bishop of Ostia (-Velletri), Italy |
| 38.5 | Appointed | Alfonso Gesualdo di Conza (Gonza) † | Cardinal-Priest of S. Anastasia | Cardinal, Archbishop of Napoli {Naples}, Italy |
| 74.2 | Appointed | Stanislaw Hosius (Hozjusz) † | Cardinal-Priest of S. Pietro in Vincoli | Cardinal, Bishop of Foreign Diocese |
| 47.5 | Died | Miguel Thomas de Taxaquet † | Bishop of Lérida, Spain |
| 23 Jul | | Appointed | Martín de Salvatierra † | Bishop of Albarracin, Spain | Bishop of Ciudad Rodrigo, Spain |
| 25 Jul | | Died | Juan Acuña † | Bishop of L’Aquila, Italy |
| 11 Aug | | Appointed | Tomás Gargal † | Bishop of Malta |
| 14 Aug | | Born | Gaspar Prieto Orduña, O. de M. † | Burgos | Bishop of Perpignan-Elne, France |
| Sep | 45.7 | Ordained Bishop | Alonso Velázquez † | Bishop of Osma, Spain | Archbishop of Santiago de Compostela, Spain |
| 3 Sep | 46.7 | Died | Giulio della Rovere † | Cardinal, Bishop of Ravenna, Italy |
| 5 Sep | 59.7 | Appointed | Francisco Trujillo García † | Bishop of León, Spain |
| 21 Sep | | Ordained Bishop | Gaspar Juan de la Figuera † | Bishop of Jaca, Spain | Bishop of Lérida, Spain |
| 22 Sep | | Died | Pedro Serrano Téllez † | Bishop of Coria, Spain |
| Oct | | Born | Juan Barahona Zapata del Águila † | Madrid, Spain | Bishop of León en Nicaragua |
| 3 Oct | | Resigned | Juan del Castillo † | Bishop of Santiago de Cuba | Bishop Emeritus of Santiago de Cuba |
| 61.1 | Appointed | Antoine Perrenot de Granvella † | Bishop of Sabina e Poggio Mirteto, Italy | Cardinal, Archbishop of Besançon, France |
| 74.4 | Appointed | Stanislaw Hosius (Hozjusz) † | Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria in Trastevere | Cardinal, Bishop of Foreign Diocese |
| 6 Oct | | Appointed | Juan Montalvo, O.P. † | Bishop of Cartagena, Colombia |
| Appointed | Gaspar Vicente Novella † | Archbishop of Cagliari, Italy |
| 9 Oct | 63.8 | Died | Fernando Tricio Arenzana † | Bishop of Salamanca, Spain |
| 26 Oct | | Born | Albert Reichsfreiherr von Törring † | Stein | Bishop of Regensburg, Germany |
| 1 Nov | | Born | Cristóbal Guzmán Santoyo † | Guzmán | Bishop of Palencia, Spain |
| Died | Antonio Gaspar Rodríguez, O.F.M. † | Archbishop of Lanciano, Italy |
| 5 Nov | | Appointed | Sancho Busto de Villegas † | Bishop of Avila, Spain |
| 18 Nov | | Ordained Bishop | Francisco de Vitoria, O.P. † | Bishop of Córdoba (Tucumán), Argentina |
| Dec | | Ordained Bishop | Pedro de Lafuente † | Bishop of Pamplona, Spain |
| 2 Dec | 40.9 | Installed | Diego de Romano y Govea (Vitoria) † | Bishop of Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México |
| 7 Dec | 48.3 | Succeeded | Teotónio de Bragança, S.J. † | Archbishop of Évora, Portugal |
| 14.1 | Appointed | Heinrich Julius Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg † | Bishop of Halberstadt, Germany | Bishop-Elect Emeritus |
| 15 Dec | 66.9 | Elevated to Cardinal | Gaspar de Quiroga y Vela † | Cardinal, Archbishop of Toledo, Spain |
| 20 Dec | | Ordained Priest | Francisco Velarde de la Cuenca † | Priest | Archbishop of Messina, Italy |